Unit+8


 * __JFK VIDEO__**
 * Promised hope of a better tomorrow
 * Was in office for less than 3 years
 * Had a lot of affairs; cheated on his wife
 * CIA training cubans to take out fidel castro...bay of pigs; jfk supported it, even though it was a disaster
 * fought pverty
 * supported the space program
 * Cuban missile CRisis


 * __The United States in Latin America Map on pg# 833__**
 * As a result of the Cold War, the United States began interferrign in latin american affairs more frequently
 * The US provided a lot of economic aids to some of these countries in order for them to attempt overthrowing their communist dictatorship.
 * The United States intervene in Cuba the most, on three different occasions and all was to overthrow fidel castro, but apparently they faileddddd.
 * The US also provided a lot of military support to these countries
 * There was never any intervention in Pureto Rico...wonder why...is it cause PR was already a territory?
 * Why were there anti-Nixon riots in Venezuela when he wasnt even their president. Shows that America's over exersion of power was taking a toll on these countries, they just wanted to rule on their own.
 * Countries like Haiti, DR, Grenada, Honduras were intervened only once.
 * If America did not intervene and enter the country, they basically sent military and economic help, but how would this gurantee the elimination of dictatorship or communism.
 * __The War in Vietnam and Indochina Map pg# 839__**
 * Cambodia and Laos were the two neighboring nations to South and North Vietnam that did not have any US bases
 * The Ho Chi Minh trail was very long, must have caused a lot of trouble for the US
 * There was wayyy to many US bases in South Vietnam, the US fought the war more then the Vietnam people themselves, if US didnt come through, Vietnam would have been in some reall mess.
 * The US invades Cambodia as a military tactic, didnt want North Vietnamese to get there before them, or else the domino effect would have taken place
 * Noth Vietman borders China
 * North and South Vietnam were completely surrounded by water on the east, but this was taken into effect, because they fought a guerilla warfare.
 * The Ho Chi Minh trail went into Laos, and all the way into South Vietnam
 * Northern North Vietnam was not even involved in this war, its all the way next to China and the Ho Chi Minh trail doenst even affect it.

**__VIETNAM WAR TIMELINE__** **1959 >** After Diem failed to suppress the Vietminh supporters in South Vietnam, these sect of people organized the National Liberation Front(NFL). They are also known as the Vietcong. They had a regime that was very similar to that of North Vietmam, their main goal was to overthrow Diem, so that the country would be reunited. **1960 --->** The Viet Cong initiated military efforts towards their goal in South Vietnam, with the aid of the North Vietnamese government. **1963 --->** Diem attempts to suppress Buddhist Monks in South Vietnam, because he wanted Catholicism to become the main religion. In order to resist Diem's efforts, these monks began protesting against the government, so Diem decided to send military attacks by the polic upon these people; he destroyed their sacred bulidings, and killed several monks. As an outcry, the Monks decided to set themselves on fire with gasoline to burn. When these pictures reached America, Americans started redrawing their support for Diem. After the Kenneday adminstration asked Diem to stop his actions, he refuse, therefore, Kenndy gave orders to take down the Diem government. **1964 --->** President Johnson announces to the American people that North Vietnamese torpedos had released an attack upon American destroyers who were in patrol at the time in the Gulf of Tonkin. With no questions to the president's accusations, Congress passed the Gulf of Tonkin resolution. This gave the president the right to "take all necessary measures" to keep the American force secured and away from future attack from Southeast Asia. **1965 --->** Johnson orders an attack on North Vietnman forces after 7 American marines were killed as a result of communist attacks on an American military base in Pleiku. In march of this year, the number of American forces in Vietnam reached 100,000. And the president finally admitted that the war/conflict had reached new heights. **1966 --->** Over 4,000 American troops had died in the war. Casuality in the war was very high, and increased dramatically. **1967 --->** The President had now ordered over 500,000 troops into Vietnam to fight this conflict. This number included soldiers, and even American women, who worked as nurses, and those who were enlisted. The number of bombs dropped on North Vietnman by the end of this year was far greater than the amount that had been used in WWII. **1968 --->** On January 31, Vietnamese New Year, communist forces set off a horendous attack on American forces in South Vietnam. This is known as the Tet offensive. The captured several cities, and destroyed several American strongholds. When pictures and news of this day reached America, several support for the war was lost, because people felt the war was not going to be won.

Vanesha's opinion: it was important and necessary, it was a significant gain for thr capitalist nations of the world and necessary to limit the spread of communism Other Opinion: US couldnt really win the war, but they continued. It was unpopular domestically. Vietnam is still very communist. The fall of Saigon; when the south gets taken by north, renamed Ho Chi Minh city. Stopping the spread of commuism. America spread into the war, didnt back down after France backed down. No president wanted to back down because they didnt want to be the one to make america look like a weak nation.
 * __Opinions on the Vietnam War__**
 * The Vietnam War started because France was just trying to takeback their colony that was before WWII. However, the main reason why the Vietnam War continued or got to the point it did, was because America was tryign to contain communism. They knew that if they allowed South Vietnam to fight North Vietnam on its own, the communist North would have infiltrated the South. The Vietnam war was a continuation of the truman's policy of containment, but did they have to really follow it ???
 * Vietmam War caused way more trouble than it shoud have. I think more Americans than Vietnamese people died. They should have just aided the Vietnam people to fight on their own while providing financial and military aid, no need for American troops to go down there. Was a complete waste of time, because Vietnam is still a communist country.


 * __Why Vietnam Video 1965__**
 * Rleased by American government
 * propaganda
 * Showed destruction, and chaos going on around the world, to promote their need for peace reasons
 * If agression isnt fought against, then its just as if they are welcoming it
 * Wanted to bring peace to vietnam, if the communist would corporate
 * Want to aid South Viet because they are seeking aid to help them resist the Northern communist
 * Wanted to help a free people maintain their sovereignty.
 * Agrssion unchecked, is agression unleashed haha
 * Shows south vietnam as one who has hope, and holds free elections. Then juxaposes, and shows north vietnam as a country with a fake leader, one who is a dictator.
 * Shows the benefits south vietnam has...bunch of falsness


 * __NEW LEFT:__** Term that described the large youth group that developed in America during the 1950s and 60s. They were those under the age of 30. They rebelled against all fundamental ways, and sought to detach from American traditional ways. Affected the political and cultural scene in America. They were numerous and very very assertive in all they wanted to do. They were seen in mostly all American colleges, and they supported the cause African Americans and other minoritiy groups went after. Most of their inspiration came from the Civil Rights movement. They questioned the values of American educational institutions and the American life. They enacted several strikes and acted upon freedom of speech. The SDS was a political faction organized by new left memebers, and they sought to see their radical political views carried out; they opposed the Vietnam War, and also opposed military draft.


 * __COUNTER CULTURE:__** A youth culture that developed out of the New Left. These people went against traditional middle class American society ways. They experimented with new drugs such as marijuana, and alcohol drinking. They dressed differently, shabby clothes with long hair, also known as hippies. They had a more relaxed view of sexuall behavoirs, they were more sexual active than ever before as a result of new contraceptive techniques that were developed. Rock and roll played a significant part of their lives, and they took itsmesages literally.



**__Femenism:__** the notion and belief that women needed equal rights, a feeling of liberating women, fighting for the betterment of women in different aspects of society. Adjusting the social norm, where women are seen equal to men. **__Women's liberation:__** movement in which several women, especially the young ones, developed new and radical ways to gain women rights. They were inspired by the new left and the counterculture, as they sought to gain freedom from their subordination from men. They were harsher and sought immidiate change for women in the American society. They believed the only way to gain power and freedom, was if they stuck together and fought against the male population. Women wanted independence, free will, and choice. They wanted freedom to be able to follow their own dreams, get involved in politics and government, equal pay for equal work, freedom to get a divorce and to be able to support themselves afterwards **__Roe v. Wade:__** right to privacy. made abortion during the first three months of pregnancy legal. Another step for women gaining rights and power over their own lives. Legalized abortion.

KEY LEGISLATION alien sedition acts fugitive slave act judiciary act of 1801 open door policy tea act stramp act social security navigation act new deal 15th amendment league of nations pure food and drug act louisiana purchase huey act gulf of tonkin resolution sherman anti trust act